HCS MCQ Series: Geography-III

Geography Multiple Choice Questions For HCS Exam

Haryana Civil Services Exam 2020

Important 20000 MCQ Series For HCS Exam: GEOGRAPHY Part-iii

Q.1. Which among the following are the reasons for the unequal distribution of temperature across the surface of the ocean? 

1. Distance from the Equator 

2. Distance from the land

3. Prevailing winds 

4. Oceanic Currents

Select the correct answer  

(a) 1 and 3 only

(b) 2 and 4 only

(c) 1, 3 and 4 only

(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Ans : (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Explanation: Statement 1 is correct: If the ocean is near by equator, its surface waters will be warmer compared to that of surface waters near by polar regions. This is because of incoming solar radiations.

Statement 2 is correct: The ocean/sea nearby land receives more heat due to their contact with land, hence oceans in the northern hemisphere are warmer compared to that of southern hemisphere.

Statement 3 is correct: Off-shore winds drive away warm surface waters from the coast, resulting in upwelling, whereas onshore winds pile up warm water near the coast, which raises the temperature.

Statement 4 is correct: Warm ocean currents raise the temperature in the cold areas while the cold currents decrease the temperature in warm ocean areas.

Q.2. Folding is the result of

1.Epeirogenic force

2.Coriolis force

3.Orogenic  force 

4.Exogenic force

Choose from the following

(a) 1 & 2

(b) 1 Only

(c) 4 Only

(d) 3 Only

Ans : (d) 3 Only

Explanation: The earth's surface experiences different type of forces. Orogenic force take millions of years to build a mountain from plane and seabed These forces due to interaction between tectonic plates, crumbled and pushed upward to form a mountain range. Thus folding is the result of orogenic force.

Exogenic refers to external processes and phenomena that occur on or above the surface of the earth

Q.3. Consider the following

1.Geothermal energy

2.Gravitational force 

3.Plate movements

4.Rotation of earth 

5.Revolution of earth 

Which of the above are responsible for bringing dynamic changes on the surface of earth.?

(a) 1,2,3 and 4

(b) 1,3,4 and 5

(c) 2,4,5 

(d)  1,2,3,4,5 

Ans. (d) 1,2,3,4,5 

Explanation: The dynamic changes on the earth's surface are caused by majorly endogenic forces. In general, the origin of endogenic forces are thermal asymmetry in the inner part of the earth and compression - expansion of rocks. In addition to these, gravitational force, rotation of earth and its revolution are also responsible for changes on earth surface.

Q.4. Consider the following statements. 

  1. Sedimentary rocks are formed at the earth surface by the hydrological system.

  2. The formation of sedimentary rock involves the weathering of pre existing rocks. 

  3. Sedimentary rocks contain fossils

  4. Sedimentary rocks typically occur in layers

Which of these statements are correct 

(a)  1 and 2

(b)  1 and 4

(c)  2,3 and 4

(d)  All of the above

Ans:  (d) All of the above 

Explanation: Sedimentary rocks are formed by the accumulation of sediments. These sediments or debris accumulates in low-lying areas like lakes. Ocean is largely responsible for transporting sediments to locations where it accumulates. The sedimentary materials may be formed from eroded fragments of other pre-existing rocks or even from the remains of plants or animals and fossils, most frequently found in sedimentary rocks, which are formed in layers called strata

Q.5. Sandstone is flaky rock because

(a)  It is formed in desert

(b)  It is formed due to heat

(c)  It is formed under water 

(d)  It is formed on the mountain          

Ans. (c)  It is formed under water

Explanation: Sandstone is a sedimentary rock composed of sand sized grains of minerals, rock and organic materials. The sandstone forms under the sea or in low-lying areas. It converts into quartz, which is typically the most abundant type of sand grain present in sandstone. 

HCS Exam: MCQ Series Geography-II

Q.6. Consider the following statements

1. The mid-day sun never shines overhead on any latitude beyond the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.

2. The mid-day sun is exactly overhead at least once a year on all latitudes in between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn. 

3. The region between Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn is called torrid zone. 4. The area between tropic of cancer and tropic of Capricorn receives maximum solar heat.

Which of the following is/are true.

(a) 1, 2, 3

(b) 1 & 2

(c) 2,3,4

(d) 1,2,3,4

Ans :  (d) 1,2,3,4

Q.7. Please consider the following statements.

1. The areas bounded by the Tropic of Cancer and the Arctic circle, and the Tropic of Capricorn and the Antarctic circle

is called temperate zone.

2. Areas lying beyond the Arctic circle and the Antarctic circle is called Frigid zone

Which of the following is /are true? 

(a) 1 Only

(b) 2 Only

(c) Both

(d) Neither

Ans : (c) Both

Explanation: The areas bounded by the Tropic of Cancer and the Arctic circle, and the Tropic of Capricorn and the Antarctic circle, have moderate temperatures. These are, therefore, called temperate zones.

Areas lying beyond the Arctic circle and the Antarctic circle are very col(d) Here the sun does not rise much above the horizon. Therefore, its rays are always slanting. These are, therefore, called frigid zones.

Q.8. Which one of the following continents was not a part of Gondwanaland

1. North America

2. South America 

3. Africa

4. Australia  

Chose from the following. 

(a) 1 &2

(b) 2 & 3

(c) 1 Only

(d) 2 Only

Ans. (c) 1 Only

Explanation: Gondwana included most of the land masses of today’s southern hemisphere including Antarctica, southern America, Africa, Madagascar, Australia continent as well as Arabian Peninsula in the Indian subcontinent. North America is not a part of Gondwanaland.

Q.9. The ring of fire is associated with 

  1. Earthquake

  2. Volcanoes

  3. Pacific ocean 

  4. Forest fires  

Choose your answer  

(a)  1, 2 and 3

(b)  2 and 3

(c)  2 and 4

(d)  All of the above

Ans. (a) 1,2, &3

Ring of fire is the region in the Pacific ocean influenced by volcanic activity and earthquake. Approximately 68% of the world's earthquakes occur along the ring of fire. The region of Ring of fire includes the vast seismic zone of Chile, California, Alaska, Japan, Philippines, New Zealand and part of the central ocean. 

Q.10.  Which of the following disasters does not come under the category of terrestrial disaster?

(a) Earthquakes

(b) Volcanic Eruptions

(c) Hailstorm

(d) Landslides

Ans. (c) Hailstorm

Explanation: Hailstorm comes under the category of atmospheric disaster

Q.11. Consider the following statements. 

1. Geomatics is the field of gathering, storing, processing, and delivering geographic information.

2. Life on earth would not have been possible without the earth’s magnetic field

Which of the following is true?

(a) 1 Only

(b) Only

(c) Both

(d) Neither

Ans : (c) Both

Explanation: The magnetic field which protects the earth’s atmosphere from the harmful solar wind certainly responsible for the survival of life on the planet.

Q12.  Consider the following statements

1. The high temperature below the crust is attributed to the disintegration of the radioactive substances primarily in the core and the mantle. 

2. The nuclear fusion reaction is responsible for more than half of Earth’s total heat.

Which of the following is true?

(a)1 Only

(b)2 Only

(c)Both

(d)Neither

Ans : (d) Neither

Explanation: The type of nuclear reaction that is responsible for Earth’s heat is Nuclear fission and not fusion. For nuclear fusion to occur there must be far more pressure and temperature inside the earth. The earth is not massive enough to cause such conditions.

The radioactive decay mainly happens in the Earth Crust and the mantle.

Q13. Which of the following is/are the source of the Earth’s heat.

1. Tidal Friction

2. Primordial Heat 

3. Earth’s rotation and revolution 

4. Radioactive decay 

Choose from the following 

(a)1 & 2

(b)1,2,3

(c)2 &3

(d)1,2,4

Ans: (d) 1,2,4

Explanation: The radioactive decay in the earth crust and mantle, Primordial heat and the tidal friction are major contributing factors to the Earth’s heat.

Primordial heat is the internal heat energy accumulated within a planet during its first few million years of evolution.

MCQ For HCS Exam: Geography-I

Q.14. Which of the following countries does not have a border with Afghanistan?

(a) Iran                     

(b) Georgia                     

(c)Turkmenistan          

(d) Uzbekistan

Ans: (b) Georgia

Q15. Which type of lake is formed by volcanic activities?

(a) Caldera lake            

(b) Karst lake               

(c) Lagoon                        

(d) Fresh water lake

Ans: (a) Caldera Lake

Q16. Consider the following statements regarding asteroids

 1. Asteroids are rocky debris of varying sizes orbiting the sun.

 2. Most of the asteroids are small but some have diameter as large as 1000 km

 3. The orbit of asteroids lies between the orbits of Jupiter and Saturn 

Identify the correct statements

(a)  1,2 and 3 

(b)  2 and 3 

(c)  1 and 2 

(d)   1 and 3 

Ans. (c) 1 and 2

Explanation: The group of small pieces of rock revolving around the sun between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter call asteroids. Asteroids vary in size and some could be of 1000 km diameter. 

Q.17. Which of the following rainfall is highly localised which occur mainly during summer?

(a) Convectional rainfall

(b) Orograhic rainfall 

(c) Frontal rainfall 

(d) Cyclonic rainfall 

Ans. (a) Convectional rainfall

Explanation: Convectional rainfall is highly localised which occur mainly during summer

Q.18. Which of the following statements is/are correct about volcanism?

1. Volcanoes are common along the transform boundaries.

2. The temperature difference between the inner layers and the outer layers of the earth gives rise to convectional current and subsequently volcano along divergent and convergent boundaries. 

(a)1 Only

(b)2 Only

(c)Both

(d)Neither

Ans : (b) 2 Only

Explanation: Volcanoes are common in the convergent and divergent plate boundaries.

At the convergent boundary, the subduction of denser plate creates magma at high pressure which will escape to the surface in the form of violent eruptions.

At the divergent boundary, The earthquakes may expose fault zones through which magma may escape. Molten, semi-molten and sometimes gaseous material appears on earth at the first available opportunity.

Q.19.  Consider the following statements. 

1. Stratovolcanic Lava is basic 

2. Shield lava is acidic

3. Andesitic Lava is otherwise called composite lava

Which of the following is/are False?

(a)1 Only

(b)1 & 2

(c)2 & 3

(d)1,2,3

Ans : (b) 1 & 2

Explanation: Andesitic or Composite or Stratovolcanic lava  is Acidic due to abundant  presence of  Silica

Basaltic or Shield lava is basic as Silica presence is less.

Q.20. On the earth, originally there was only one huge landmass which is known as 

(a)  Panthalassa

(b)  Pangea 

(c)  Laurasia 

(d)  Gondwanaland

Ans. (b) Pangea

Originally the huge land mass on earth was unified and known as Pangaea. Pangea was the supercontinent.

Q.21. Consider the following statements

1. The Richter scale is logarithmic scale and so an increase of one magnitude unit represents a factor of 10 in amplitude.

2. Each integer reading of Richter scale has an energy hundred times than the previous integer reading. 

Which of the statements above are correct

(a)  1 only

(b)  2 only

(c)  Both

(d)  None

Ans. (a) 1 only

Explanation: The intensity of earthquake is measured on Richter scale and Mercalli scale. In 1935, Seismologist Charles Francis Richter of California Institute of technology developed Richter magnitude scale. It is based on logarithmic scale which is mentioned as 1 to 10 on scale. Each number of seismograph represents 10 times amplitude, 32 times energy.

Q.22. Which grasslands are mainly found in Argentina and Uruguay? 

(a) Veld

(b) Pampas

(c) Savannah

(d) Steppes

Ans (b) Pampas

Q.23. Which of the following rivers do not flow into the Arabian Sea?

1.Tungabhadra 

2.Sabarmati 

3.Krishna 

4.Narmada

(a) 1 & 2

(b) 1 & 3

(c) 2 & 3

(D) 3 & 4

Ans (b) 1 & 3

Q.24. Penganga is a tributary of which of the following rivers in India?

(a) Kaveri  

(b) Godavari 

(c) Krishna 

(d) Narmada  

Ans : (b)  Godavari

Q.25. “Duncan Pass” is located in which of the following Union Territories / States?

(a) Himachal Pradesh  

(b) Daman & Diu 

(c) Andaman & Nicobar Islands

(d) Uttarakhand

Ans: (c)  Andaman & Nicobar Islands.

Explanation: Duncan Passage is a strait in the Indian Ocean. It is about 48 km (30 mi) wide; it separates Rutland Island (part of Great Andaman) to the north and Little Andaman to the south. West of Duncan Passage is the Bay of Bengal; east is the Andaman Sea.

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